以自选的名义
——写在“个人选择”艺术展之前
文/罗 菲（TCG诺地卡画廊总监/策展人）
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昆明西郊黑林铺，某大型汽车厂外，大型卡车接踵奔驰灰尘扬起，看上去和许多城郊别无二致，尘土漫天、黑车伺机作业、为更便捷被强行扯开的防护栏、各色杂货店、汽修店，还有马匹骡子拉着水果踢踢踏踏在小跑。马路终于整修过，宽敞多了，又被更名为“滇缅大道”，这才从一个借道而过的城郊公路，打回到历史的原形，就是1938年建成的曾为抗日援华的重要通道，后被称为史迪威公路、昆瑞路，也是云南最早有汽车奔跑的一条路。这样一条公路的历史或许正好可以用来窥见云南所处的“大后方”的地域功能，和她相应的人文逻辑。
无论是从地理上还是文化上看，作为远离中原的云南，一方面常常遭遇来自各类中心的强势影响，另一方面也沉积着一种质朴、散漫、忠于生活状态的人文品格，这种人文品格既塑造了栖居云南的艺术家们的内在人格与生活方式，同时也为这里的艺术精神扑了一层极具存在主义特质的底色。所以，八五新潮之际，以“生命流”为代表的云南艺术家们与存在主义哲学之间产生出一种亲和力，不是因为彼时云南艺术家更容易接受西方存在主义哲学，而是这方水土生长出来的人文品格与存在主义在对个体经历与存在的理解上有着精神上的同构性，因而云南艺术家更看重自己的生命经验、关照个体的存在状态。这种对个体存在状态的关照逐渐沉积为一种地方性人文传统，至今仍在许多艺术家中延续，表现为对个体经验和状态的自觉关怀，以及浓郁的乡土情结。作为现代人的精神向度，这种“地方性”人文品格也由此具备了相当的“普世性”。艺术家对个体的关照，也构成了对普遍人性的深切关怀。
以滇缅大道旁汽车厂里陆续入驻的七位艺术家和他们近期作品中的主题关怀为线索，也能看到这种人文传统的品质。或许正是因为共同的人文品格，才构成了他们七人之间的默契，才呈现一个共同的展览——以自选的名义。
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兰庆星的绘画多是关于荒芜之地、杂草丛中的人或畜，大风景里的小活物，他的油画和素描小稿都延续着八十年代西南乡土绘画的传统，以节制而具章法的方式描绘着乡土田园里乌托邦式的眷恋之情，流露出中国当下城市化进程中特有的焦虑感，以至于内化为一种“原初乡愁”的言说。在《没有人的风景》系列中，飘荡的狗、奶牛、诡异粗壮的枯树、远处的房屋和烟囱等意象构成了“枯藤老树昏鸦”一类场景的忧伤。仿佛有个画外音在说“那人，你在哪里？”关于伊甸园的想象在此刻更像是在等待戈多一样的荒诞与伤感。虽然我们完全正确地知道我们身在地理意义上的某处，甚至就在家乡，但仍旧摆脱不了一种莫名的乡愁，就是人作为地上的寄居者，产生出对“终极家园”的思念之情。或许，这也正是乡土艺术在任何一个时代的真正含义。
赵磊明的油画也有很大一部分来自郊外的风景写生。风景写生首先作为云南艺术家的生活方式，其次作为艺术方式，从六七十年代的外光派到八十年代新具像、生命流群体，风景在艺术家中的影响一直延续到今天年轻一代从未中断过。可以说，正是因为云南偏弱的现代性基因造就了具韧性的田园乡土精神。当这种对美好乡土的眷念、对农民生活方式与劳作场景的关注，转向对都市个体的观看时，就必然带来一种异样而粗暴的眼光，以一种农夫般的粗犷和幽默来表现都市人的生存空间，我想，正是这样的内在逻辑，构成了赵磊明风景写生与人物创作之间的关联，并互为观看前提：不见风景的质朴，就不见都市人的病态，反之亦然。那些幽闭空间里跟肉团一样的人物，充满培根式的扭曲和神经质，以几近自画像的方式尖锐地刻画着当代都市人的精神肖像与生存空间。
相比赵磊明以具体生活场景中的肉身经验为蓝本描绘的精神肖像，段闵所制作的“空皮囊”雕塑则更加尖锐地指出当下人普遍的内在空虚，就是人在失去了心灵、精神、信仰之后干瘪的“肉身—皮囊”。在都市生活肉身化背景下，这组雕塑以丑的干瘪的皮囊形象，提示着个体内在需要的重要性，一个完整生命的匮乏状态。另一方面，这组作品也向人提出身体与灵魂孰轻孰重的古老话题。早在古希腊，柏拉图称身体为灵魂的坟墓。笛卡尔“我思故我在”的理念更将这种身心二分法思想带入现代哲学语境。古希腊哲学二元论高度区分肉身与灵魂，隐藏或贬抑身体，唯独抬高灵魂的永恒价值。类似思想在佛家那里同样，认为身体虚幻不实，不值贪恋，《四十二章经》里将玉女比作“革囊众秽”，污秽不净。而另一种观点则来自基督教的理解，圣子基督以道成肉身的方式来到世间并在十字架上成全救赎，之后以身体复活宣告了肉身的永恒价值，正因道成肉身的历史逻辑，上帝在肉身中被证明，肉身亦在永恒中被赋予尊贵。身心是否二分，对于当代艺术家——精神工作者而言，仍旧是无法回避的古老命题，让人跃跃欲试。正如葛优在《非诚勿扰》里的那句台词：那我把心全都给你，但容许我的身体偶尔开个小差，不知可否？
龚红林的雕塑造型以糅合现代生物学与汽车工业技术的方式展开，用太空流线型设计理念为生物造型，或者反过来，以动物生理结构局部形态为太空物作外观设计。另一组作品，将人兽形象结合，譬如其雕塑作品《微笑》将粗大的蛇的头颈部分嫁接到火辣的女体上，并用绿色的汽车烤漆烤制，这种造型理念与经典唯美的美人鱼造型恰巧相反，这种嫁接不是为了看见一幅美丽的童话，而是为了表明一则骇人的寓言，如同卡夫卡的《变形记》，人在生存中不自觉地异化过程。女身的引诱体势与蟒蛇的攻击状态不正巧构成了关于“谎言之父”的原初形态吗？
陶锦善于用插画和报纸的方式关注细节感的生活场景，有的以身边人事为线索：伙伴的糗事、白日梦般的妄想都被收纳其中；也有一部分以具体的人间世态为蓝本，比如城管与小摊贩的纠纷之类，它们都见证着小人物的日常艰苦与梦想。现实生活里的无聊、乏味与艰辛被陶锦的报纸“独家报道”之后，被赋予细节与场景、幽默与趣味、温情与正义。而这种小人物个人日志记录与社会事件报道的非等量关联在陶锦的另一组装置作品中被放大，陶锦收集每年他生日那天的《人民日报》，与自己从小得的毕业证、奖状、便条、书信等私人物品并置在一起，形成既严肃又滑稽的对话场景，个人成长和国家发展到底有什么样的关联？国富民强的逻辑在这里是否被证实？国家历史与个人历史哪一种更真实而有价值？一边是有关和谐社会的宏大叙事，一边是艺术家在微博上发布的话唠。
张晋熙近年的油画以精湛的手法绘制着一个个晶莹剔透的玻璃人，这里面有人们成群结队地在歌《唱》、在《秀》、在《舞》，也有“我无处安放的记忆”里小伙伴们《打地骡》、《偷玉米》、飞《纸飞机》。这两年，这组“玻璃人”从概念化的都市人群逐渐进入张晋熙个人化的记忆碎片里，它们仿佛童话里被施咒而凝固的玻璃人，被置于或单纯或绚丽的剧场中，记忆里的每个人每个物都被作为玻璃工艺品拿来呈现。是数字化的记忆碎片更真实？还是我们的记忆本来就如同玻璃制品般易碎？张晋熙的绘画唤起人们对易碎的人际关系和童年记忆的呵护。
尹雁华的油画同样充满了童趣，他为一个个鲜红的指印添上手足、表情和衣帽，成了鲜活的精灵，或充当士兵、或在空中翱翔、或与昆虫逗趣、或在灾难中救援、在残骸中嬉戏、在雨中忧伤，他们是自我梦幻世界里的英雄、小飞侠、正义之士……看尹雁华的绘画，更像一部鲜活的动漫，讲述一个自由自在的指印人，随蒲公英四处飘散。指印，作为约的一种立定形式，在现世的人人关系中用以维持立约双方之公平，却往往因人的贪婪和诡诈，构成束缚和阴谋。在更高层面，隐藏的人神关系中，无条件的浩天恩典却在历史的人神契约关系中成为可能，没有一个完成的救赎，就没有一个落实的恩典与祝福。而这“约—指印”却在尹雁华的作品里还原为有位格的活人，在具体场景中给当下予特别的温情和关怀，正因如此，这些作品才与媚俗的“卡通一代”区别开来，拥有了人性和童真。
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以上是从人文关怀的角度来解读“个人选择”艺术展七位艺术家的作品，从中看到一幅幅朴实的生命写照，也从作品中看到了云南艺术家对乡土情结、都市人格、以及童年记忆等方面的共同关注。在这次展览中，他们以“自选”的名义实现有关人的“自我关怀”，何尝不是一种可能、一种需要？
战时作为“大后方”的云南，在文化上或许至今仍在扮演这个可贵的角色（而不是令人厌弃），就是当人们都展望未来的时候，还有一群人活在当下，守护着作为人的基本情感、生活状态和真实需要，叙述着深刻的挣扎和虚无。这是我看到的云南艺术中特别的一种品质，如果有一种云南艺术的话。
2009年10月19日 雨后放晴
完稿于昆明创库
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